Wine yeasts can't consume maltose (or other more complex sugars) that make up the majority of the fermentables in beer (Shea Comfort show 11.23.08 = awesome). They can only eat simple sugars. So even if your original beer yeast quit early, whatever sugars that may be left won't likely be consumed by the champagne yeast. In other words, the champagne yeast is only capable of eating your priming sugar, nothing else.
FWIW, I don't think any yeast strain is "tolerant" of going from 0% abv to 10% abv. To survive that kind of shock I tend to think yeast health would be more important than yeast strain.
If you're thinking about doing another barleywine (or other big beer), pulling some healthy krausen from one to prime the other might be fun . . . . . .
Northern Brewer has recommendations on pitcing rates. Looks like they suggest 100k cells/ml. Anyone know if that should be more for a high alcohol brew?